{"id":1275,"date":"2026-06-14T23:07:17","date_gmt":"2026-06-14T21:07:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.erlburg.law\/?p=1275"},"modified":"2026-08-03T21:18:41","modified_gmt":"2026-08-03T19:18:41","slug":"berliner-testament-in-a-nutshell-common-provisions-advantages-disadvantages","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.erlburg.law\/en\/berliner-testament-in-a-nutshell-common-provisions-advantages-disadvantages","title":{"rendered":"\u201cBerliner Testament\u201d in a nutshell: Common Provisions, Advantages &#038; Disadvantages"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>The Berlin Will (\u201cBerliner Testament\u201d) is a joint last will by a married couple under German Law. It regulates both inheritance cases of a couple via one document. The will usually names the spouses either way as the sole heir in the case of the predecease of the partner. Only in the event of the second decease, the couple&#8217;s children, other family members or third parties are considered as final heirs. But what exactly does a\u00a0<em>Berlin Will<\/em>\u00a0involve, how is it structured and what advantages and disadvantages can such joint last will entail?\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. What comprises a &#8220;Berliner Testament&#8221;?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Berlin Will is a form of a joint will in which spouses initially appoint each other as sole heirs in the event of the predecease of one partner. Only after the death of the surviving partner other heirs (for example the children) come into play. On the occasion of the first death, the surviving spouse initially becomes the sole heir of the predeceased partner. The spouses&#8217; assets are pooled there, and other family members are effectively excluded at the first level. The Berlin Will is therefore often chosen if the existing assets are to be kept within the assets of the married couple. Priority is given to the financial security of the surviving spouse.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In a Berlin Will, the last will of both spouses are combined in one document via a joint will (\u201cGemeinschaftliches Testament\u201d). Under German Law, such joint will is only permissible for married or partnered couples. If partners in a non-marital partnership wish to include the provisions of the Berlin Will in their last will, this is only possible in the form of an inheritance contract (\u201cErbvertrag\u201d). Unlike wills, inheritance contracts must be notarised in order to be valid under German Law.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. Typical provisions<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Even if the Berlin Will covers a specific constellation, the wording depends on the circumstances of the individual case. There is a wide range of provisions that can supplement or safeguard core points of the last will. Nevertheless, some aspects and considerations are typical of a Berlin will:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Appointment of the surviving partner as sole heir for the first inheritance:<\/strong>&nbsp;The most relevant provision in a Berlin Will is that both partners appoint each other as sole heirs. This ensures that the surviving spouse receives the entire estate and that no third parties, such as children, become heirs or form a community of heirs (\u201cErbengemeinschaft\u201d) with the surviving spouse.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Inheritance for the second succession:<\/strong>\u00a0After the surviving partner has died, the assets are usually passed on to the joint children or other named heirs.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Bequests:<\/strong>&nbsp;In addition to the appointment of heirs, so-called legacies\/bequests (\u201cVerm\u00e4chtnisse\u201d) can be provided for the first and\/or second succession. These are specific donations from the estate that can benefit a person or company\/foundation regardless of the succession. For example, despite de facto disinheritance, children can be given a specific sum of money, a specific object or a property for the first inheritance. Inheritance tax considerations often play a role in these considerations.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Compulsory portion penalty clauses (\u201cPflichtteilsstrafklausel\u201d):&nbsp;<\/strong>The Berlin Will also often contain compulsory portion penalty clauses. These provisions stipulate that those entitled to a compulsory portion of the inheritance (including, for example, the children of the spouses) who claim their compulsory portion (= \u201cPflichtteil\u201d = the statutory minimum share of the inheritance) after the first inheritance are excluded from the succession or receive a smaller share after the death of the second parent. Such clauses are intended to motivate those entitled to a compulsory portion to accept the will of the spouses with regard to the appointment of sole heirs in the first case of inheritance and to waive the right to claim the compulsory portion after the first death.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. Advantages of Berlin Will<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Taking into account the typical provisions of the Berlin will, the following advantages arise in particular:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Protection of the spouse:<\/strong>&nbsp;The greatest advantage of the Berlin Will is the protection of the surviving spouse or partner. As the spouse is appointed as the sole heir, he or she can use the entire estate without third parties during the lifetime of the longer-living partner. This avoids the assets of the predeceased person being divided up so that the assets of the spouses\/registered partners are preserved as a unit.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Simplified estate planning:<\/strong>&nbsp;A Berlin Will can simplify the succession, as the inheritance for the couple is standardised and finalised. There is only one sole heir after the first inheritance and therefore no community of heirs. The latter means that there is no need for a distribution of the estate (\u201cErbauseinandersetzung\u201d) after the first inheritance.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Avoidance of inheritance disputes:<\/strong>\u00a0The established provisions of the Berlin Will prevent potential inheritance disputes, particularly within the immediate family circle. As both partners have settled the inheritance by mutual agreement during their lifetime, later conflicts between the heirs can be avoided.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. Disadvantages of Berlin Will<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In addition to the advantages mentioned above, the Berlin Will also has some disadvantages:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Inheritance Law ties the provisions of the will:<\/strong>&nbsp;One disadvantage of the Berlin will is that the longer-living partner is bound by the provisions of the joint will when the partner predeceases them. Even if life circumstances or wishes change later on &#8211; e.g. due to a new partner or additional children &#8211; the surviving partner can only change the will if this has been provided for in the will. Whether and to what extent such an amendment clause makes sense depends on the age of the spouses, but also on the other circumstances of the individual case (e.g. amount of assets, interest of the spouses in remaining together).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Compulsory portion claims:<\/strong>\u00a0The Berlin Will does not change the fact that potential compulsory portion claims of those entitled to a compulsory portion (e.g. children) continue to exist and can be asserted. When the claim is asserted after the first inheritance, this can have a financial impact on the surviving partner. Here, penalty clauses or a waiver of the compulsory portion can minimise or exclude risks.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Tax disadvantages:<\/strong>\u00a0Another disadvantage of the Berlin Will is that tax-free allowances of the final heirs are effectively lost. However, if it makes sense to utilise the tax-free allowances for the final heirs or other beneficiaries at the time of the first inheritance due to the size of the estate, there are also suitable constructions. These can be integrated into the will. Alternative arrangements by way of anticipated succession are also conceivable.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5. For whom is the Berlin Will suitable?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In principle, the Berlin Will is a common type of a last will for married couples who wish to leave their assets in their entirety to their spouse first and only subordinately appoint other heirs as beneficiaries. The primary aim of this form of will is to protect the surviving partner and can ensure a simplified settlement of the inheritance without the spouses&#8217; assets being divided after the first inheritance. However, the conceivable disadvantages under Inheritance Tax Law depending on the case constellation, the risk of asserting possible compulsory portion claims after the first inheritance and questions regarding the scope of the binding effect after the partner&#8217;s previous death can also lead to relevant modifications here.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Berlin Will is usually not suitable for patchwork constellations. In these cases it is advisable to modify the provisions or choose a different structure. The same applies to owners of businesses or spouses with substantial assets, as in these cases the inheritance tax disadvantages of the Berlin Will predominate.\u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The Berlin Will (\u201cBerliner Testament\u201d) is a joint last will by a married couple under German Law. It regulates both inheritance cases of a couple via one document. The will usually names the spouses either way as the sole heir\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1685,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[44,43,39],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1275","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-inheritance-bequests","category-marriage-partnership-family","category-notary"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>\u201cBerliner Testament\u201d in a nutshell: Common Provisions, Advantages &amp; Disadvantages - ERLBURG Rechtsanwaltsgesellschaft mbH Berlin<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.erlburg.law\/das-berliner-testament-typische-regelungen-sowie-vor-und-nachteile\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u201cBerliner Testament\u201d in a nutshell: Common Provisions, Advantages &amp; Disadvantages - ERLBURG Rechtsanwaltsgesellschaft mbH Berlin\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The Berlin Will (\u201cBerliner Testament\u201d) is a joint last will by a married couple under German Law. 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